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Chinese scientists found action mechanism of metformin
2016-10-13
来源：转载自第三方
13 October 2017
Recently, a paper published in the journal Cell Metabolism, entitled "Metformin Activates AMPK through the Lysosomal Pathway", has attracted the attention of the scientific community. In this paper, the author breaks the mechanism of metformin hypoglycemic action and solves the problem that has long plagued the scientific community.
Metformin has been used in clinical nearly 60 years, is the first line drug for diabetes treatment. In addition to hypoglycemic, it also has to relieve fatty liver, improve insulin sensitivity, improve cardiovascular function, improve dementia and delay and reduce the risk of certain patients with cancer and many other effects. However, what is the mechanism of hypoglycemic action, it has been an unsolved mystery, although the scientific community occasionally reported, but it can be said as speculation and the lack of strong evidence.
In this paper, the researchers found that the metabolic mechanism of metformin hypoglycemic signaling pathway—adenylate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway. The AMPK proteins of different species are in the form of a heterotrimeric complex comprising an α-catalyzed subunit, a β-modulating subunit and a γ-regulatory subunit. AMPK protein kinase is a key molecule that regulates multiple metabolic pathways in cells and maintains energy balance and is the core of diabetes and other metabolic related diseases. It is expressed in a variety of metabolic organs, can be stimulated by cell pressure, exercise and hormones and cell metabolism and other substances activated. Genetics and pharmacology studies have shown that AMPK is necessary for the body to maintain glucose balance. Because molecular mechanisms are complex, drug molecules activate AMP is a huge challenge, and the efficacy of metformin is achieved by activating AMPK.
Through a protein complex called "v-ATPase" in AMPK, metformin can cause a series of intracellular molecules to aggregate, interact and structure changes, and then activate the AMPK signaling pathway; at the same time, metformin can inhibit mTOR signaling pathway , It is closely related with cell proliferation, the inhibition of this pathway is likely to reduce the risk of cancer-related.
Researchers not only explain the mechanism of metformin hypoglycemic action from the signal pathway, but also may explain the anti-cancer effect of metformin, which provides a new direction for drug development of type Ⅱ diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer and other diseases.
Related links: metformin hydrochloride
Edited by Suzhou Yacoo Science Co., Ltd
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