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The Study of Parkinson Desease is in Progress!
2017-04-11
来源：转载自第三方
11 April 2017
Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disease, the incidence rate is only after that of Alzheimer's disease, it is a serious threat to the health and life of the old people. Today, April 11, 2017, the 21st World Parkinson's Disease Day, we will introduce the overview of Parkinson's disease and its latest progress.
The average age of Parkinson's disease is about 60 years old, but in recent years, the incidence showed younger trend. At present, over 500 million patients has been diagnosed as Parkinson around the world. The typical symptoms of Parkinson are uncontrollable tremors. The first symptom is usually the limb tremor or activity clumsy of one side limb, and then involving the contralateral limbs, resulting in that the patients can not take care of themselves. In addition to limb stiffness, tremor and panic gait and other external features, Parkinson's disease can lead to loss of smell, cognitive impairment and other non-motor symptoms.
The most important pathological changes are the rapid functional degradation of "substantia nigra" parts in the brain, which can not produce a nerve conduction material "dopamine", making the restrictions for ability of the brain conducting muscle activity and greatly hinder the capacity for action of patients. Once "dead" substantia nigra cells are more than 50%~80%, the other areas in brain involved in movement control will be no longer able to work together, when the patient's movement will become messy and unable to control. The exact cause of this pathological change is still unclear, genetic factors, environmental factors, age, oxidative stress all may be involved in PD dopaminergic neuronal degeneration process. In short, Parkinson's disease may be the result of the interaction of multiple genes and environmental factors.
At present, drug therapy is the main treatment for the vast majority of patients, regulating the secretion of neurotransmitters through the drug directly. The drugs in China can be divided into anticholinergic drugs, amantadine, dopamine replacement therapy, dopamine receptor agonists, monoamine oxidase-B inhibitors and COMT inhibitors six categories. Among them, levodopa is the most effective treatment for Parkinson's disease, but long-term use may lead to serious fluctuations in athletic ability.
In order to overcome Parkinson's disease, scientists have been making unremitting efforts, only 2017 years, they have made a lot of gratifying results:
Monoclonal antibody PRX002 is about to enter Phase 2 clinical trials
Recently, the US biotechnology company Prothena announced that monoclonal antibody PRX002 will enter the two clinical trials. Similar to Alzheimer's disease, the culprit of Parkinson's disease is also an abnormal folding of protein deposition. This protein is called α-synuclein, the deposition affects the competent motor function area of nerve cells in the brain, resulting in patients with limb tremor and body stiffness and other symptoms.
PRX002 is a monoclonal antibody against α-synuclein that prevents the spread of α-synuclein in the brain and removes it from the brain, which is expected to cure Parkinson's disease fundamentally. At present, PRX002 has completed the 1b clinical trial, the results are gratifying. Roche and Prothena jointly decided to start Phase 2 clinical trials in the second quarter of 2017, and the trial will test if multiple doses of PRX002 once a month could improve the patient's symptoms.
A natural product is expected to reduce Parkinson's disease
The researchers found that squalane can also significantly inhibit the process of formation of α-synuclein toxic aggregates, which is thought to trigger a series of molecular events that ultimately lead to the occurrence of Parkinson's disease, the international academic journal PNAS has published this study. However, further research is needed to determine what role hornachine can bring, and it is still unclear whether squalamine can reach the major brain area where Parkinson's disease occurs. Researchers are currently planning to conduct a clinical trial of the use of squalamine in the treatment of Parkinson's disease in the United States.
The FDA approved the first new drug for Parkinson's for past ten years
On March 21, Xadago (safinamide), developed by Zambon and Newron Pharmaceuticals, was approved by the FDA as an addition to levodopa/carbidopa therapy for the treatment of Parkinson's patients due to taking levodopa and the resulting exercise capacity fluctuations. This is the first new chemical entity approved for the treatment of Parkinson's disease in the United States for more than a decade. At present, Xadago has been listed in a number of European countries, including Switzerland, Spain, Italy, Belgium, Denmark, Sweden and UK. Now, Xadago is also listed in the United States.
Parkinson's disease is not fatal itself, and usually does not affect life. But if the patients did not get timely and reasonable treatment, it is easy to lead to the decline of physical function, even a variety of life-threatening complications. So, early detection is very important. Combined with China's aging social background, we need to pay more attention to Parkinson, as well as the elderly.
Related links: levodopa
New Drugs for Parkinson Successfully Listed in US!
New Drugs for Parkinson Successfully Listed in US!
Edited by the Editorial Office of Suzhou Yacoo Science Co., Ltd.
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