What Are The Types Of Conductive Polymer Materials?

Conductive polymer material mainly refers to a conductive composite material prepared by molecular design, synthesis of a conductive polymer with a conductive structure, or adding a substance with conductive properties to a polymer matrix. Conductive polymer materials have the characteristics of low density, easy processing, corrosion resistance, good heat resistance, adjustable conductivity, etc. It is an indispensable important material in advanced industrial sectors and cutting-edge technologies.

Conductive polymer materials are generally classified into two types: structural type and composite type.

The structural conductive material refers to a material having a self-structure or a conductive function after a certain doping, and is generally obtained by doping a conjugated polymer having a high degree of electron delocalization through a suitable electron acceptor or donor. The conduction mechanism is mainly to introduce conductivity through charge conversion by introducing a conductive group in the electron π domain of the polymer molecule (having a conjugated double bond in the structure, a π bond electron as a carrier) or doping some other substance.

Common structural conductive polymers mainly include polyacetylene, polyphenylene, polyacene, polypyrrole (PPy), polythiophene, polyaniline (PANI), polyphenylene sulfide, etc., because they all contain π-conjugated structure, Such polymers are also collectively referred to as conjugated polymers. Among them, polythiophene can be used in organic solar cells, chemical sensing, electroluminescent devices, etc., and its derivative Poly(2,3-dihydrothieno-1,4-dioxin)(PEDOT) is an important hole transport layer material in the preparation of organic electroluminescent devices .

The composite conductive material is a composite material obtained by adding a certain amount of conductive filler to the polymer material as a matrix, and has both the processability of the high molecular material and the conductivity of the conductive filler.

Commonly used conductive fillers are graphene, carbon nanotubes, carbon black, nano-metals and their oxides, commonly used polymer substrates are polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polypropylene, epoxy resin, polyurethane and Unsaturated polyester, etc. Composite conductive polymer materials are widely used in medical engineering, electromagnetic shielding materials, photoelectric materials, antistatic materials, metal anti-corrosion materials, electrochromic materials and other fields.