Stem cell therapy in clinical application

Stem cells are the body of the original cell, have the ability to self renew and differentiation potential. Under certain conditions, can differentiate into multiplecells or tissues and organs, known as the "universal cell". According to the growth potential of different stem cells can be divided into pluripotent stem cells,pluripotent stem cells, multipotent stem cells.

Adult stem cells are adult stem cells in various tissues and organs, their differentiation potential is narrow, is the basis for tissue and organ repair and regeneration of the day after tomorrow, also known as tissue stem cells. Such as neural stem cells, hematopoietic stem cells, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, epithelial stem cells, hepatic stem cells, pancreatic stem cells.

Somatic stem cells tend to differentiate into cells of the host organizations intonatural conditions, participate in tissue regeneration and repair; external conditions induced adult stem cells can differentiate into other tissues and cells,repair the participation of these organizations.

Stem cell therapy is composed of autologous or allogeneic stem cell transplantation or the health of the patient, to achieve functional repair ofdiseased cells or reconstruction of cell and tissue normal purpose. Stem cell therapy as a new treatment of some refractory diseases, is the life science community has infinite hope. The stem cell treatment technique is from clinicalresearch to clinical application of phase transition.

The study found, the current stem cell therapy can be used in the field of: blood system diseases, mainly of leukemia, the clinical application is earlier and more mature areas; nervous system diseases, such as Parkinson's syndrome, senile dementia, cerebral palsy, spinal cord injury, motor neuron disease; organ damage or lesions, such as liver cirrhosis and its complications, renal failure and uremia; immune system diseases, is mainly the use of stem cells of immune regulation, such as systemic lupus erythematosus, dermatomyositis;cardiovascular system diseases, such as myocardial infarction, vascular disease;metabolic diseases, such as diabetes and its complications; in other areas, such as corneal stem cell therapy eye diseases, stem cell beauty etc..

Bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells and umbilical cord blood hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is the main clinical application of stem cell therapy, now,every year there are about 60000 cases of umbilical cord blood transplantationof bone marrow transplantation and 40000 cases of. In addition, stem cells andother sources of products is gradually entering the stage of clinical application,the type of disease increased significantly, the number may exceed thehematopoietic stem cell transplantation in the future.

According to the survey data provided by the Visiongain in 2011, stem cell therapy market share reached 2700000000 US dollars, the market mainly by thetransplantation of bone marrow stem cells (BMT). At the same time, stem cellrepository and accessory products market size of $2600000000. Is expected to 2016, stem cell therapy for market size will reach $8800000000.

At present foreign three stem cell drugs and a variety of stem cell biologyproducts approved the listing, in addition to a large number of stem cell therapyproducts in clinical trials. South Korea is the world in the development of stem cellmedicine field, the current listing of the three stem cell drugs from South korea.

In addition, in 2009 October the EMA approved an autologous cartilageChondroCelect stem cell products, for the treatment of articular cartilage defects of the knee. In 2010 July the Australian TGA approved somatic product MPCMesoblast, autologous, used for bone repair.

In 2011 November, the FDA approved USA hematopoietic progenitor cells from umbilical cord blood HEMACORD the first stem cell products -- the New York blood center, for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, treatment of hereditary or acquired hematopoietic system disease. In 2012 American FDAapproved two new Jin umbilical cord blood hematopoietic progenitor cellproducts, respectively is the umbilical cord blood hematopoietic Duke University School of medicine in stem cells intravenous suspension (DuCord) and Clinimmune Lab Corp from umbilical cord blood HPC.