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Characteristics and application of sodium citrate
2019-04-16
来源：亚科官网
Sodium citrate is an organic compound that looks white to colorless crystals. Odorless, cool and salty. It is stable at room temperature and in air, slightly soluble in humid air, and weathering in hot air. Heating to 150 °C lost crystal water. Soluble in water, soluble in glycerin, insoluble in alcohols and other organic solvents, superheated and decomposed, slightly deliquescent in a humid environment, slightly weathered in hot air, the pH of the solution is about 8.
Characteristics of sodium citrate
Sodium citrate is currently the most important citrate. It is mainly produced by fermentation of starch into citric acid and neutralization with alkali. It has the following excellent properties:
(1) Safe and non-toxic properties. Since the raw material for preparing sodium citrate is basically derived from food, it is absolutely safe and reliable, and does not cause harm to human health. The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization and the World Health Organization do not impose any restrictions on their daily intake and may consider it to be drug-free.
(2) It is biodegradable. After the sodium citrate is diluted with a large amount of water in nature, it is partially converted into citric acid, and the two coexist in the same system. Citric acid is easily biodegraded in water by the action of oxygen, heat, light, bacteria and microorganisms. The decomposition pathway is generally converted to carbon dioxide and water by aconitic acid, itaconic acid, and citraconic anhydride.
(3) It has the ability to complex metal ions. Sodium citrate has good complexing ability for metal ions such as Ca2+ and Mg2+, and also has good complexing ability for other metal ions such as Fe2+ plasma.
(4) Excellent solubility properties, and solubility increases as the water temperature increases.
(5) Has good pH adjustment and cushioning properties. Sodium citrate is a weak acid and strong base salt. It is compatible with citric acid to form a strong pH buffer. Therefore, it is of great use in some situations where pH is not suitable for a wide range of changes. In addition, sodium citrate also has excellent retarding properties and stability properties.
Application of sodium citrate
[Food Applications]
China's "Sanitary Standards for the Use of Food Additives" (GB2760-2014) stipulates that the amount of use depends on the normal production needs. Sodium citrate is used in refreshing beverages to alleviate sourness and improve taste. Adding this product to brewing can promote saccharification, and the dosage is about 0.3%. In the manufacture of sorbet and ice cream, sodium citrate can be used as an emulsifier and stabilizer in an amount of 0.2% to 0.3%. This product can also be used as a fatty acid-preventing agent for dairy products, a tackifier for processed cheese and fish products, and a sweetness correcting agent for foods.
Sodium citrate is non-toxic, has pH-adjusting properties and good stability, so it can be used in the food industry. Sodium citrate is used as a food additive and is the most demanding. It is mainly used as a flavoring agent, buffer, emulsifier, bulking agent, stabilizer and preservative. In addition, sodium citrate is compatible with citric acid and used as a variety of jams. Gelling agents, nutritional supplements and flavoring agents for jelly, fruit juices, beverages, cold drinks, dairy products and pastries.
[medical application]
In medicine, sodium citrate is also widely used. The use of citrate and calcium ions to form a soluble complex can be used as an anticoagulant and a blood transfusion agent to preserve and process blood products. Sodium citrate is used as a preservative to preserve drugs such as syrup. Sodium citrate is used in the same way as potassium salt to correct the acidity of blood, body fluids and urine, as a diuretic, phlegm and so on. Sodium citrate is compatible with other reagents for extracting and purifying animal liver ribonucleic acid.
[Chemical Applications]
Sodium citrate has good water solubility, excellent chelating ability for metal ions such as Ca2+ and Mg2+ in water, biodegradability, dispersing ability and strong anti-redeposition ability, so it is gradually becoming a substitute for sodium tripolyphosphate. The product is used to produce non-phosphorus detergents, especially non-phosphorus liquid detergents. Adding a certain amount of sodium citrate to the detergent can significantly increase the detergency of the detergent.
Related links: Sodium citrate
Edited by Suzhou Yacoo Science Co., Ltd.
