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Production method and use of potassium iodide
2019-05-13
来源：亚科官网
Potassium iodide is a colorless or white cubic crystal that is odorless and has a salty taste. Soluble in water, soluble in ethanol, methanol, acetone, glycerin and liquid ammonia, slightly soluble in ether. Its aqueous solution is neutral or slightly alkaline. It has a wide range of functions in medicine, often used to make diuretics and tinctures, and is an auxiliary reagent for iodine standard solutions.
Method for producing potassium iodide
At present, most of the domestic use of formic acid reduction method to produce potassium iodide. That is, the action of iodine and potassium hydroxide to form potassium iodide and potassium iodate, and then reduction of potassium iodate with formic acid or charcoal. However, in this method, iodate is formed, and the product is not suitable as a food additive. Food grade potassium iodide can be produced by the iron filing method.
The iron filing method uses iodine and iron filings as raw materials. A portion of the iron filings was placed in the reactor, 7 parts by mass of water was added, and 3.3 parts of iodine was added in portions at 65 to cT (the temperature was too high and the iodine was easily sublimed). After the iodine tablets were added, the solution was dark reddish brown, and the second batch of iodine tablets was added after the solution was light green. Then, iron scraps were filtered off to obtain a ferrous iodide solution, and this solution was added to a 10:3 (mass) aqueous potassium carbonate solution to form an iron carbonate precipitate and a potassium iodide solution. The solution was allowed to stand, and after clearing, the supernatant liquid was precipitated, and concentrated by heating to a relative density of 1.75 to 1.81, followed by filtration; the filtrate was further evaporated to a relative density of 1.93 to 1.98, and filtered while hot. The crystals were allowed to stand at 60 to 70 °C for cooling, and after separation, dried at 70 to 90 °C to obtain an anhydrous potassium iodide product.
Fe+I2→FeI2
FeI2+K2CO3—2KI+FeCO3↓
Use of potassium iodide
1. Used as an expectorant or diuretic in medicine
Potassium iodide is often used as a synergist for steel pickling inhibitors or other corrosion inhibitors. Potassium iodide is a raw material for the preparation of iodides and dyes. It is used as a photographic emulsifier, a food additive, as a sputum, a diuretic, a goiter prevention and a thyroid hyperfunction surgery, and as an analytical reagent. It is used as a photographic emulsifier in the photographic industry and also as a pharmaceutical and food additive.
2. for the pharmaceutical industry
It can be used as an analytical reagent, such as preparing an iodine standard solution as an auxiliary reagent; Also used as a photosensitive emulsifier, feed additive; Used in the pharmaceutical industry.
3. Iodized edible salt
The so-called iodized edible salt that we often eat is to add potassium iodide or potassium iodate (in proportion to 20,000) to ordinary salt (pure sodium chloride).
4. Potassium iodide has some special uses in the field of dermatology
Its mechanism of action is partly due to enhanced dissolution and digestion of necrotic tissue. Potassium iodide also has antifungal activity. It is used clinically to treat sporotrichosis, pigmented blastomycosis, persistent nodular erythema, and nodular vasculitis. When using potassium iodide, you should also pay attention to its side effects. It can cause pustules, blisters, erythema, eczema, urticaria, etc. It can also aggravate acne, and of course can cause digestive tract reactions and mucosal symptoms.
5. In medicine for the prevention and treatment of endemic goiter
Promotes the absorption of opacity of the vitreous of the eye. It can also be used as analytical reagents, chromatography, and point pain analysis.
Related links: Potassium iodide
Edited by Suzhou Yacoo Science Co., Ltd.
