The advantages and disadvantages of lithium phosphate batteries and ternary lithium batteries

 Lithium phosphate batteries and ternary lithium batteries are the mainstream of new energy vehicle power batteries. This article sorts out the advantages and disadvantages of these two batteries.

Lithium iron phosphate battery refers to a type of lithium ion battery using lithium iron phosphate as the positive electrode material. It has the advantages of high voltage, high specific energy, long charge and discharge life, no memory effect, and low environmental pollution. It is widely used in passenger applications vehicles, buses, logistics vehicles, low-speed electric vehicles and other fields.

The performance of lithium iron phosphate batteries mainly depends on the electrode active materials. The defects of electrode active materials are an important factor restricting the development of lithium iron phosphate batteries, which makes the existing lithium iron phosphate batteries energy density, low temperature performance, capacity and cycle life, etc. The performance can no longer meet the development needs of electrical equipment.

Ternary lithium battery refers to a lithium battery that uses lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide as the positive electrode material and graphite as the negative electrode material. The biggest advantage of ternary lithium batteries is the high energy density of single cells, which can achieve higher battery capacity under the same battery volume. Therefore, in the general environment of the adjustment of the national new energy vehicle subsidy policy, the ternary lithium battery has a dominant position in the field of new energy passenger vehicles by virtue of its long cruising range.

The shortcomings of the ternary lithium battery mainly have two points, that is, the safety problem caused by the limitation of high temperature resistance and the high production cost.

Lithium phosphate batteries and ternary lithium batteries have their own advantages and disadvantages. If you must compare them together, in general, the energy density and low temperature resistance of lithium phosphate batteries are far behind those of ternary lithium batteries, but in terms of high temperature resistance and stability, and raw material costs, lithium phosphate batteries are better than ternary lithium batteries.